

When I grew up in the Eastern Townships I used to hear stories about the British Home children from my Grandparents. They had arrived from England in the early 1900s and made Cowansville, Quebec their home. They never really stated that anything was horribly wrong, but the looks on their faces made me understand all did not go well with some of the children.
To tell you the truth I never really thought about it much until I moved to Lanark County, Ontario where a large number of Barnardo’s Home Children had also been sent. Sometimes I heard stories that made me embarrassed to be a Canadian. After I watched a few documentaries about them I wondered if Canada had been in the same league as slave labour. These 4-15 year old children worked as farm labourers and domestic servants until they were 18 years old. The organizations professed a dominant motive of providing these children with a better life than they would have had in Britain, but one wonders if they had other pecuniary motives.
One of the distributing homes in the Townships was founded by a Miss McPherson at Knowlton, where it was stated:
“That all English Scottish and Irish boys and girls were brought up and made into fine Canadian citizens.”
Opened in 1872 Knowlton was the third in Receiving Homes that Scottish evangelist Annie MacPherson opened in Canada. In 1875, Mrs. Louisa Birt took over. After illness prevented Mrs. Birt from carrying on her work in 1910, her daughter, Lillian Birt, took over. A fire damaged the property in 1913 and the First World War began, stopping the flow of children and Miss Birt went to work at the UK Shelter. The Knowlton Distributing Home in the Eastern Townships processed nearly 5,000 children from 1872 -1915.
These children arrived in Canada with the usual kit given to child immigrants: a Bible, a copy of Pilgrim’s Progress by John Bunyan, writing materials, a brush and comb, a work bag with needles, thread and worsted for darning. All this was packed into a wooden trunk along with a nicely trimmed dress and hat for Sunday wear and a sturdy dress (made of a plain or twilled fabric), a dark hat for winter, a liberal supply of underclothing for summer and winter, three pairs of boots, four pairs of stockings, gloves, collars, aprons, pinafores and a warm hood.
In 1897 it was written in the Montreal Gazette that Mrs. Birt, of the Distribution Home, Knowlton, P.Q. had a party of young people from the Sheltering Home, Liverpool, England, coming to Knowlton about July 20. The majority were under 10 years of age, with a few boys and girls from 12 to 16. Applications accompanied by railway fares and the minister’s recommendation should be supplied first, if possible. Notice would be sent when to meet the children.
These children were a number of the 55th party which had arrived at the local Distribution Home. The older boys and girls had already found positions and homes, and they needed to place the little ones in families to be loved and cared for. In 1897 the following were to be placed locally:
Boys
Bertie, aged 5, fair hair, blue eyes; Jimmy, aged 7 (motherless), blue eyes, brothers.
Tommy, age 7, (motherless), dark complexion, blue eyes.
Willie T., aged 8, fair, bright boy.
Johnnie, aged 1, and Willie ( aged 9 (brothers), motherless, blue eyes.
Charlie, aged 9, brown eyes, fair hair, fatherless, gentle.
Girls
Vena, aged 2, fair, hazel eyes. good adoption.
Maudie, aged 3, and Hettie, aged 5 (sisters), fair, blue eyes, motherless.
Jennie, aged 7.
Bella,aged 6. Scotch child, bright, brown eyes, dark hair.
Chrissie, aged 4 Scotch, motherless, fair.
Louisa, aged 7, fair, blue eyes, motherless.
Gladys, aged 7, motherless, dark hair, blue eyes.
Most were not motherless as advertised. Two-thirds of these children had a parent in Britain, but were too poor to raise them. Many were suddenly separated from their families and each other when they were sent to Canada. A good portion never saw each other again. Many spent their lives trying to identify their parents and find their siblings and were unsuccessful. For most of the children, separation from family was the hardest to bear. Conditions for the orphans ran the gamut from atrocious to ideal. There were stories of beatings and starvation. Suicide was not uncommon among home children, and the girls had the hardest times as many from ages 12-17 were molested.

I have written a few stories about the Home Children and some are great stories, that had nice people to live with because they allowed you to sleep in the house and you could eat at the table. Maybe they would buy you a great new pair of boots. Then there were other stories about being lucky that one of the charities showed up in February to check on some of the children as one boy was living in the barn with no heat and the toes of his boots were cut out because they were too small. He was lucky and and they transfered him to the new farm.
William Price – “To be a home boy—it’s so hard to explain—there’s a certain stigma. I know that for a fact. You’re just in a class. You’re an orphan. Years ago you counted as dirt. You were a nobody. That was only common sense. You were alone in the world.”
Local politicians at that time thought that the Eastern Townships would be the ideal place for the young boys and girls who later might become good Canadian citizens. It was also suggested that some scheme be started by which the Eastern Townships obtain some volume of the immigrants who are coming in to stay. Between 1869 and 1948, over 100,000 children arrived in Canada from Great Britain as part of the British Child Emigration Movement.
Did you know that more than 10% of our Canadian population may be descended from British Home Children? However, many are not aware of these interesting family stories as a lot chose not to talk about it, only wanting to forget that part of their life. After writing many a story I began to understand why my Grandparents talked in hush tones as they told the stories of a neighbour or friend that was once part of the Barnado’s Home Children emigration. The future never belongs to those that are afraid, it belongs to the brave– and in my heart and mind, they were more than brave and must never be forgotten.
I Swear it’s True Part 5– The Lodge on the Summit of Owl’s Head– Sherbrooke Record Weekend Newspaper
I Swear it’s True! Part 3 – by Linda Knight Seccaspina SHERBROOKE RECORD WEEKEND PAPER
I Swear it’s True! Part 1 2 – by Linda Knight Seccaspina
British Home Children
Home Boy Lawsuits — Pakenham– The British Home Children
The British Home Children — The Trip to Canada
Ernest Kennings — Home Boy — British Home Children
Robert Laidlaw Home Boy — British Home Children–Buchanan Scrapbook Clippings
Did You Know About Dr. Barnardo’s Baby’s Castle? British Home Children — Home Boys
Canadians Just Wanted to Use me as a Scullery-Maid
Laundry Babies – Black Market Baby BMH 5-7-66
More Unwed Mother Stories — Peacock Babies
The Wright Brothers– British Home Children
Home Boys and Family–Mallindine Family — Larry Clark
Clippings of the Barnardo Home Boys and Girls
Lily Roberts of Drummond The Rest of the Story
British Home Children – Quebec Assoc click
Ontario East British Home Child Family click
British Home Children Advocacy & Research Association click
if anyone is interested in sourcing a personal copy in printed or pdf format of info about British Home Children they can see descriptions and ordering info on our British Home Child web page: https://globalgenealogy.com/countries/canada/home-children/resources/index.htm
Locals can avoid the shipping charge on physical books by calling us at 613 257 7878 to arrange to pick up a copy at our home in CP. Of course there is no shipping charge on the pdf books that they order online.
Best, Rick.